EFFECTIVITY OF CINNAMON (Cinnamomum burmanii) TO DECREASE UREA LEVELS
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Abstract
Urea or Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) is a non-protein blood nitrogen molecule that results from the catabolism of protein and amino acids through the urea cycle and is eliminated by the kidneys as urine, perspiration, and degraded by intestinal bacteria. BUN levels can indicate renal disease. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii) is an Indonesian herb that functions as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, reducing urea levels and contributing to improved kidney function. The search was conducted using Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Science Direct. "cinnamomum burmannii", "cinnamon", "cinnamon extract", "blood urea nitrogen", "serum urea", "urea", "ureum", and "kidney" were used as keywords. Cinnamon, which contains cinnamaldehyde, coumarins, tannins, flavonoids, polyphenols, glycosides, terpenoids, and anthraquinone compounds, might protect the kidneys by reducing urea levels through the decrease of oxidative stress
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
- Van Zwam M, Wetzels JFM, Willems HL. Plasma urea along with every plasma creatinine test. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2013;157(46).
- Chen P, Sun J, Ford P. Differentiation of the four major species of cinnamons (C. burmannii, C. verum, C. cassia, and C. loureiroi) using a flow injection mass spectrometric (FIMS) fingerprinting method. J Agric Food Chem. 2014 Mar 26;62(12):2516–21.
- Afriansya RR, Sofyanita EN, Suwarsi S. Overview of Ureum and Creatinine Levels in Hemodialysis Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. Jar Lab Medis. 2020;2(1).
- Hosten AO. Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113(7):563.
- Weiner ID, Verlander JW. Renal ammonia metabolism and transport. Compr Physiol. 2013;3(1):201–20.
- Weiner ID, Mitch WE, Sands JM. Urea and Ammonia Metabolism and the Control of Renal Nitrogen Excretion. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015 Aug 7;10(8):1444–58.
- Indriani V, Siswandari W, Lestari T. Hubungan antara kadar ureum, kreatinin dan klirens kreatinin dengan proteinuria pada penderita diabetes mellitus. Pros Semin Nas
- Pengembangan Sumber Daya Perdesaan dan Kearifan Lokal Berkleanjutan VII 17-18. 2017;1(November):758–65.
- Ervina M, Nawu Y., Esar S. Comparison of in vitro antioxidant activity of infusion, extract and fractions of Indonesian Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) bark. Int Food Res J. 2016;23(3):1346–50.
- Lungarini S, Aureli F, Coni E. Coumarin and cinnamaldehyde in cinnamon marketed in Italy: a natural chemical hazard? Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess [Internet]. 2008;25(11):1297–305. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19680836/
- Al-Dhubiab BE. Pharmaceutical applications and phytochemical profile of Cinnamomum burmannii. Pharmacogn Rev. 2012 Jul;6(12):125–31.
- Roswiem AP, Anggriawan MB, Nurcholis W. Potensi Ekstrak Air Dan Etanol Kulit Batang Kayu Manis Padang (Cinnamomum Burmanii) Terhadap Aktivitas Enzim A-Glukosidase. J Kedokt Yars. 2015;23(2):091–102.
- Rao PV, Gan SH. Cinnamon: A Multifaceted Medicinal Plant. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014.
- Ahmad M, Lim CP, Akowuah GA, Ismail NN, Hashim MA, Hor SY, et al. Safety assessment of standardised methanol extract of Cinnamomum burmannii. Phytomedicine. 2013 Sep 15;20(12):1124–30.
- Tafzi F. Bioactivity of Cinnamon (Cinamomum sp). Indones Food Sci Technol J. 2020;3(1).
- Rani RE, Nefertiti EP, Handajani F, Kedokteran F, Hang U. Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Kayu Manis terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Ginjal pada Tikus Putih Jantan yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Effect of Giving Cinnamon Extract on Kidney Histopathology in Male White Rats Induced by Paracetamol. 2021;2071(September):142–53.
- Elekofehinti OO, Adanlawo IG, Saliu JA, Sodehinde SA. Saponins from Solanum anguivi fruits exhibit hypolipidemic potential in rattusnovergicus. Der Pharm Lett. 2012;4(3):811–4.
- Idris H, Mayura E. Teknologi Budidaya Dan Pasca Panen Kayu Manis. Kementeri Pertanian, Balai Penelit Tanam Rempah dan Obat. 2019;1.
- Sari A, Mangunsong S. Efek Ekstrak Daun Sirih (Piper betle L.) terhadap Penurunan Kadar Serum Asam Urat dan Ureum pada Tikus Putih. Mutiara Med. 2014;14(1):93–9.
- Lusiana E, Tamzil NS, Oktarina D. The Efficacy of Cinnamon Extract ( Cinnamomum burmannii ) on Reducing Staging Acute Kidney Injury in Ischemia Reperfusion (IR) Model. Biosci Med J Biomed Transl Res. 2020;5(1).