THE EFFECT OF GINGER FOR GARGLING ON SALIVARY PROFILE AND IN-VIVO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.sidebar##
Published
May 24, 2023
Download
Statistic
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Abstract
Infectious diseases have a high incidence rate, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, caused various
efforts to prevent and treatment the infection. One of the effort is use of traditional herbs, Ginger. Ginger is a thibbun-nabawi herb that known to have antimicrobial activity. This study aims to determine the effect of gargling activity with ginger decoction on salivary profile and in-vivo antimicrobial tests. The study was conducted in University of Darussalam Gontor with respondents who experienced mouth ulcerand dental caries. The treatment was divided into 5 groups, positive control, negative control, ginger decoction in 3 concentrations, 10%, 20%, and 30%. The sample used was respondent's saliva obtained by the spitting method. Samples were tested for pH, and volume and incubated in a microbial growth medium to calculate the number of colonies and observations in a microscope for pathogen identification. Influence of salivary profile and colony count before and after treatment tested with T-Test analysis. The results of the pH test showed an increase in the pH value to be more alkaline after being given a solution of gargling, although the pH increase was the smallest in the negative control group and the highest in the ginger group at 30% (p>0.05). Measurements of saliva volume showed a decrease in saliva volume (p>0.05). Differences in the number of colonies before and after treatment in the control group (+) showed significant differences compared to other groups. The minimum decrease in the number of colonies was showed by the Ginger group of 30% with insignificant differences before and after treatment. The antimicrobial activity test showed ginger decoction had a minimum antimicrobial activity due to ginger decoction was not good at diluting secondary metabolites of ginger that have antimicrobial activity
efforts to prevent and treatment the infection. One of the effort is use of traditional herbs, Ginger. Ginger is a thibbun-nabawi herb that known to have antimicrobial activity. This study aims to determine the effect of gargling activity with ginger decoction on salivary profile and in-vivo antimicrobial tests. The study was conducted in University of Darussalam Gontor with respondents who experienced mouth ulcerand dental caries. The treatment was divided into 5 groups, positive control, negative control, ginger decoction in 3 concentrations, 10%, 20%, and 30%. The sample used was respondent's saliva obtained by the spitting method. Samples were tested for pH, and volume and incubated in a microbial growth medium to calculate the number of colonies and observations in a microscope for pathogen identification. Influence of salivary profile and colony count before and after treatment tested with T-Test analysis. The results of the pH test showed an increase in the pH value to be more alkaline after being given a solution of gargling, although the pH increase was the smallest in the negative control group and the highest in the ginger group at 30% (p>0.05). Measurements of saliva volume showed a decrease in saliva volume (p>0.05). Differences in the number of colonies before and after treatment in the control group (+) showed significant differences compared to other groups. The minimum decrease in the number of colonies was showed by the Ginger group of 30% with insignificant differences before and after treatment. The antimicrobial activity test showed ginger decoction had a minimum antimicrobial activity due to ginger decoction was not good at diluting secondary metabolites of ginger that have antimicrobial activity
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
1.
Fatihah NI, Marfu’ah N, Mahirotun NS A, NA E, Frida SA Y. THE EFFECT OF GINGER FOR GARGLING ON SALIVARY PROFILE AND IN-VIVO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY. International J. of Islamic and Complementary Medicine [Internet]. 2023 May 24 [cited 2024 May 17];4(1):1-8. Available from: https://islamicmedicine.or.id/index.php/ijim/article/view/56
References
- Mehreen A, Waheed M, Liaqat I, Arshad N. Phytochemical, Antimicrobial, and Toxicological Evaluation of Traditional Herbs Used to Treat Sore Throat. BioMed Res Int. 2016;2016:1–9.
- Rahmani AH. Active ingredients of ginger as potential candidates in the prevention and treatment of diseases via modulation of biological activities. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol 2014;6(2):125-136. 2014;12.
- Mayer FL, Wilson D, Hube B. Candida albicans pathogenicity mechanisms. Virulence. 2013 Feb 15;4(2):119–28.
- Lemos JA, Palmer SR, Zeng L, Wen ZT, Kajfasz JK, Freires IA, et al. The Biology of Streptococcus mutans. Fischetti VA, Novick RP, Ferretti JJ, Portnoy DA, Braunstein M, Rood JI, editors. Microbiol Spectr. 2019 Feb 8;7(1):7.1.03.
- Azevedo LR, De Lima AAS, Machado MÂN, Grégio AMT, de Almeida PDV. Saliva Composition and Functions: A Comprehensive Review. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2008 Mar;9(3):72–80.
- Yulia N, Andayani R, Nasution AI. Perubahan Laju Aliran Saliva Sebelum dan Sesudah Berkumur Rebusan Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) pada Mahasiswa FKG Unsyiah Angkatan 2016. J Caninus Denstistry. 2017 Mei;2(2):104–10.
- Mardani H, Ghannadi A, Rashnavadi B, Kamali R. The Effect of ginger herbal spray on reducing xerostomia in patients with type II diabetes. 2017;7(4):9.
- Ficker CE, Smith ML, Susiarti S, Leaman DJ, Irawati Ç, Arnason JT. Inhibition of human pathogenic fungi by members of Zingiberaceae used by the Kenyah (Indonesian Borneo). J Ethnopharmacol. 2003 Apr;85(2–3):289–93.
- Beristain-Bauza SDC, Hernández-Carranza P, Cid-Pérez TS, Ávila-Sosa R, Ruiz-López II, Ochoa-Velasco CE. Antimicrobial Activity of Ginger ( Zingiber Officinale ) and Its Application in Food Products. Food Rev Int. 2019 Jul 4;35(5):407–26.
- Günaydın E, Goncagül G, Güceyü Ç, Kardoğan Ö. What about the Antibacterial Activity of Fresh Ginger Juice (Zingiber officinale)? J Adv Med Med Res. 2021 Sep 20;163–72.
- El-Baroty GS, El-Baky HHA, Farag RS, Saleh MA. Characterization of antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds of cinnamon and ginger essential oils. :8.
- Gull I, Saeed M, Shaukat H, Aslam SM, Samra Z, Athar AM. Inhibitory effect of Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale extracts on clinically important drug resistant pathogenic bacteria. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2012;11(1):8.